国际劳工组织全体大会，经国际劳工局理事会召集于1936年10月6日在日内瓦举行第21届会议，经议决采纳本届大会议程第2项所列船东在海员患病、受伤或死亡时的责任的若干提议，经决定这些提议应采取国际公约的方式，于1936年10月24日通过下述公约，此公约得称为《1936年船东责任（海员患病和受伤时）公约》。

第1条

1．本公约适用于在本公约对其生效的领土上登记的、通常在海上航行的任何船上受雇的所有人员，但在军舰上受雇的人员除外。

2．国际劳工组织任何会员国可以在其法律或条例中就下述情况规定其认为必要的例外：

（a）下述船上雇用的人员：

（i）政府当局的船舶，当这些船舶非从事贸易运输时；

（ii）沿海渔船；

（iii）小于25总吨的小船；

（iｖ）诸如独桅三角帆船和大号木帆船的原始木船；

（b）非船东的雇主在船上雇用的人员；

（c）在港内仅为修理、清扫或装卸船舶雇用的人员；

（d）船东的家庭成员；

（e）引航员。

第2条

1．船东应对下述情况负责：

（a）从协议条款规定的任职那天起到雇用期终止期间所发生的疾病和受伤；

（b）由这种疾病或受伤所导致的死亡。

2．国家法律或条例可以对下述情况规定例外：

（a）并非在船上工作时发生的受伤；

（b）受伤或患病是由病人、受伤者或死者的故意行为、违章或不正当的举止所致；

（c）缔约时故意隐瞒的疾病或虚弱。

3．国家法律或条例可以规定船东不应对疾病或由疾病导致的死亡负责，如果在受雇时，受雇者拒绝体检。

第3条

就本公约而言，由船东出费的医疗和保养包括：

（a）医疗和提供合适且足够的药品和医疗仪器；和

（b）膳宿。

第4条

1．在病患者或受伤者治愈之前或在断定其疾病或无工作能力属长久后天性的之前，船东应负责支付其医疗或保养费用。

2．国家法律或条例可以把船东支付医疗和保养费用的义务限制在从受伤或患病之日起不少于16周的期限内。

3．如果在船舶登记的领土上有已生效的适用于海员的强制疾病保险、强制事故保险或工人事故补偿体制，国家法律或条例可以规定：

（a）从患者或受伤者可以享受保险或补偿体制中规定的医疗津贴之时起，船东应不再对他们承担义务；

（b）从法律规定的时间起，船东应不再有义务向参加保险或补偿体制的受益人补助这种体制规定的医疗津贴，甚至当患者或受伤者没参加所述体制的保险时，除非由于仅影响外国工人或非居住在船舶登记领土上的工人的任何限制理由，他也应被排除在这种体制之外。

第5条

1．如果这种疾病或受伤导致失去工作能力，船东应有责任：

（a）只要患病或受伤者留在船上，即支付全工资；

（b）如果患病或受伤者有家属，从他上岸之日起直到他痊愈或宣布这种疾病或失去工作能力属长久的后天性的为止，支付国家法律或条例规定的全部或部分工资。

2．国家法律或条例可以规定将船东向不再在船上工作的人支付全部或部分工资的义务限制在从受伤或患病之日起不少于16周的期限内。

3．如果在船舶登记的领土上有已生效的适用于海员的强制疾病保险、强制事故保险或工人事故补偿体制，国家法律或条例可以规定：

（a）从患病或受伤者有权享受保险或补偿体制中规定的现金津贴之日起，船东应不再对其承担义务；

（b）从法律规定的时间起，船东应不再有义务向参加保险或补偿体制的受益人补助这种体制规定的现金津贴，甚至当患病或受伤者没有参加所述体制的保险时，除非由于仅影响外国工人或非居住在船舶登记领土上的工人的任何限制理由，他也应被排除在这种体制之外。

第6条

1．船东应有义务对在航行期间由于疾病或受伤原因上岸的每个患病或受伤者支付遣返费。

2．患病或受伤者应被送到下述港口：

（a）受雇地的港口；或

（b）航次始离港口；或

（c）他自己国家的港口或他所属的国家的港口；或

（d）他和船长或船东商定且经主管当局认可的另一港口。

3．遣返费应包括患病或受伤者在旅行期间的运输费和食宿费以及直到为其规定的离开时间止的保养费。

4．如果患病或受伤者有能力工作，在驶往本条第2款所述的目的地之一时，船东可以通过在船上向他提供工作的方式履行其对他的遣返义务。

第7条

1．在死亡发生在船上或岸上时，死者有权享受船东支付的医疗和保养费的情况下，船东应有义务支付埋葬费。

2．国家法律或条例可以规定，在按照与社会保险或工人补偿有关的法律或条例支付死者的葬礼津贴的情况下，船东支付的埋葬费应由保险机构赔偿。

第8条

国家法律或条例应要求船东或其代表采取措施，以保护本公约适用的患者、受伤者或死者留在船上的财产。

第9条

国家法律或条例应作出规定，以确保迅速且廉价地解决关于本公约规定的船东义务的争端。

第10条

船东可以被免除本公约第4、第6和第7条规定的义务，只要政府当局承担这种义务。

第11条

本公约和与本公约规定的津贴有关的国家法律或条例的解释和执行应足以保证所有海员，不论其国籍、户籍或种族如何，均享受同等待遇。

第12条

本公约任何条款都不得影响保证比本公约规定的那些更优惠的条件的任何法律、裁决书、惯例或船东和海员签订的协议。

第13条

1．就国际劳工组织章程第35条所述领土而言，批准本公约的本组织各会员国应在其批准书上附加一宣言，声明：

（a）对于哪些领土，它保证不加修改地应用本公约条款；

（b）对于哪些领土，它保证应用本公约条款，但要作修改并附有所作修改的细节；

（c）对于哪些领土，本公约不适用以及不适用的理由；

（d）对于哪些领土，它保留其决定。

2．本条第1款（a）和（b）项所述许诺应被视为批准书的组成部分，并应具有批准书的效力。

3．依照本条第1款（b）、（c）和（d）各项规定，任何会员国可以通过随后的宣言全部或部分取消其原宣言中所作的任何保留。

第14条

本公约的正式批准书应送请国际劳工局局长登记。

第15条

1．本公约应仅对其批准书已经局长登记的国际劳工组织各会员国具有约束力。

2．本公约应自两个会员国的批准书已经局长登记之日起12个月后生效。

3．此后，对于任何会员国，本公约应自其批准书已经登记之日起12个月后生效。

第16条

国际劳工组织两个会员国的批准书一旦被登记，国际劳工局局长应立即将此通知国际劳工组织所有会员国。他也应将本组织其他会员国可能随后送达的批准书的登记情况通知所有会员国。

第17条

1．凡已批准本公约的会员国，自本公约初次生效之日起满10年后可向国际劳工局局长通知解约，并请其登记。此项解约通知书自经登记之日起满1年后始得生效。

2．凡已批准本公约的会员国，在前款所述十年期满后的1年内，如未行使本条所规定的解约权利，即须再遵守10年。此后每当10年期满，可依本条的规定通知解约。

第18条

国际劳工局理事会在其认为必要时，应将本公约的实施情况向大会提出报告，并审查是否将本公约的全部或局部修正问题列入大会议程。

第19条

1．如大会通过一项对本公约作全部或局部修正的新公约，除该新公约另有规定外，则：

（a）在新修正公约生效时，尽管有上述第17条规定，会员国对于新修正公约的批准，依法应为对本公约的立即解除；

（b）自新修正公约生效之日起，本公约应即停止接受会员国的批准。

2．对于已批准本公约而未批准新修正公约的会员国，本公约的现有形式及内容，在任何情况下，仍应有效。

第20条

本公约的法文本与英文本同等为准。

CONVENTION No.55 Convention concerning the Liability of the Ship-owner in Case of Sickness, Injury or Death of Seamen

The General Conference of the International Labour Organization, Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its Twenty-first Session on 6 October 1936, and Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the liability of the shipowner in case of sickness, injury or death of seamen, which is included in the second item on the agenda of the Session, and Having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention, adopts this twenty-fourth day of October of the year one thousand nine hundred and thirty-six the following Convention, which may be cited as the Shipowners’ Liability (Sick and Injured Seamen) Convention, 1936:

Article 1

1. This Convention applies to all persons employed on board any vessel, other than a ship of war, registered in a territory for which this Convention is in force and ordinarily engaged in maritime navigation.

2. Provided that any Member of the International Labour Organization may in its national laws or regulations make such exceptions as it deems necessary in respect of

(a) persons employed on board,

(i) vessels of public authorities when such vessels are not engaged in trade;

(ii) coastwise fishing boats;

(iii) boats of less than twenty-five tons gross tonnage;

(iv) wooden ships of primitive build such as dhows and junks;

(b) persons employed on board by an employer other than the shipowner;

(c) persons employed solely in ports in repairing, cleaning,loading or unloading vessels;

(d) members of the shipowner’s family;

(e) pilots.

Article 2

1. The shipowner shall be liable in respect of

(a) sickness and injury occurring between the date specified in the articles of agreement for reporting for duty and the termination of the engagement;

(b) death resulting from such sickness or injury.

2. Provided that national laws or regulations may make exceptions in respect of

(a) injury incurred otherwise than in the service of the ship;

(b) injury or sickness due to the wilful act, default or misbehaviour of the sick, injured or deceased person;

(c) sickness or infirmity intentionally concealed when the engagement is entered into.

3. National laws or regulations may provide that the shipowner shall not be liable in respect of sickness, or death directly attributable to sickness, if at the time of engagement the person employed refused to be medically examined.

Article 3

For the purpose of this Convention, medical care and maintenance at the expense of the shipowner comprises

(a) medical treatment and the supply of proper and sufficient medicines and therapeutical appliances; and

(b) board and lodging.

Article 4

1. The shipowner shall be liable to defray the expense of medical care and maintenance until the sick or injured person has been cured, or until the sickness or incapacity has been declared of a permanent character.

2. Provided that national laws or regulations may limit the liability of the shipowner to defray the expense of medical care and maintenance to a period which shall not be less than sixteen weeks from the day of the injury or the commencement of the sickness.

3. Provided also that, if there is in force in the territory in which the vessel is registered a scheme applying to seamen of compulsory sickness insurance, compulsory accident insurance or workmen’s compensation for accidents, national laws or regulations may provide

(a) that a shipowner shall cease to be liable in respect of a sick or injured person from the time at which that person becomes entitled to medical benefits under the insurance or compensation scheme;

(b) that the shipowner shall cease to be liable from the time prescribed by law for the grant of medical benefits under the insurance or compensation scheme to the beneficiaries of such schemes, even when the sick or injured person is not covered by the scheme in question, unless he is excluded from the scheme by reason of any restriction which affects particularly foreign workers or workers not resident in the territory in which the vessel is registered.

Article 5

1. Where the sickness or injury results in incapacity for work the shipowner shall be liable--

(a) to pay full wages as long as the sick or injured person remains on board;

(b) if the sick or injured person has dependants, to pay wages in whole or in part as prescribed by national laws or regulations from the time when he is landed until he has been cured or the sickness or incapacity has been declared of a permanent character.

2. Provided that national laws or regulations may limit the liability of the shipowner to pay wages in whole or in part in respect of a person no longer on board to a period which shall not be less than sixteen weeks from the day of the injury or the commencement of the sickness.

3. Provided also that, if there is in force in the territory in which the vessel is registered a scheme applying to seamen of compulsory sickness insurance, compulsory accident insurance or workmen’s compensation for accidents, national laws or regulations may provide

(a) that a shipowner shall cease to be liable in respect of a sick or injured person from the time at which that person becomes entitled to cash benefits under the insurance or compensation scheme;

(b) that the shipowner shall cease to be liable from the time prescribed by law for the grant of cash benefits under the insurance or compensation scheme to the beneficiaries of such schemes, even when the sick or injured person is not covered by the scheme in question, unless he is excluded from the scheme by reason of any restriction which affects particularly foreign workers or workers not resident in the territory in which the vessel is registered.

Article 6

1. The shipowner shall be liable to defray the expense of repatriating every sick or injured person who is landed during the voyage in consequence of sickness or injury.

2. The port to which the sick or injured person is to be returned shall be

(a) the port at which he was engaged; or

(b) the port at which the voyage commenced; or

(c) a port in his own country or the country to which he belongs; or

(d) another port agreed upon by him and the master or shipowner, with the approval of the competent authority.

3. the expense of repatriation shall include all charges for the transportation, accommodation and food of the sick or injured person during the journey and his maintenance up to the time fixed for his departure.

4. If the sick or injured person is capable of work, the shipowner may discharge his liability to repatriate him by providing him with suitable employment on board a vessel proceeding to one of the destinations mentioned in paragraph 2 of this Article.

Article 7

1. The shipowner shall be liable to defray burial expenses in case of death occurring on board, or in case of death occurring on shore if at the time of his death the deceased person was entitled to medical care and maintenance at the shipowner’s expense.

2. National laws or regulations may provide that burial expenses paid by the shipowner shall be reimbursed by an insurance institution in cases in which funeral benefit is payable in respect of the deceased person under laws or regulations relating to social insurance or workmen’scompensation.

Article 8

National laws or regulations shall require the shipowner or his representative to take measures for safeguarding property left on board by sick, injured or deceased persons to whom this Convention applies.

Article 9

National laws or regulations shall make provision for securing the rapid and inexpensive settlement of disputes concerning the liability of the shipowner under this Convention.

Article 10

The shipowner may be exempted from liability under Articles 4, 6 and 7 of this convention in so far as such liability is assumed by the public authorities.

Article 11

This Convention and national laws or regulations relating to benefits under this Convention shall be so interpreted and enforced as to ensure equality of treatment to all seamen irrespective of nationality, domicile or race.

Article 12

Nothing in this Convention shall affect any law, award, custom or agreement between shipowners and seamen which ensures more favourable conditions than those provided by this Convention.

Article 13

1. In respect of the territories referred to in article 35 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization, each Member of the Organization which ratifies this Convention shall append to its ratification a declaration stating

(a) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the provisions of the Convention without modification;

(b) the territories in respect of which it undertakes to apply the provisions of the Convention subject to modifications, together with details of the said modifications;

(c) The territories in respect of which the Convention is inapplicable and in such cases the grounds on which it is inapplicable;

(d) the territories in respect of which it reserves its decision.

2. The undertakings referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph 1 of this Article shall be deemed to be an integral part of the ratification and shall have the force of ratification.

3. Any Member may by a subsequent declaration cancel in whole or in part any reservations made in its original declaration in virtue of subparagraphs (b), (c) or (d) of paragraph 1 of this Article.

Article 14

The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration.

Article 15

1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those members of the International Labour Organization whose ratifications have been registered with the Director-General.

2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.

3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve months after the date on which its ratification has been registered.

Article 16

As soon as the ratifications of two Members of the International Labour Organization have been registered, the Director-General of the International Labour Office shall so notify all the Members of the International Labour Organization. He shall likewise notify them of the registration of ratifications which may be communicated subsequently by other Members of the Organization.

Article 17

1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the expiration of ten years from the date on which the Convention first comes into force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on which it is registered.

2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not, within the year following the expiration of the period of ten years mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for in this Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the expiration of each period of ten years under the terms provided for in this Article.

Article 18

At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the International Labour Office shall present to the General Conference a report on the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in part.

Article 19

1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in whole or in part, then, unless the new Convention otherwise provides,

(a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 17 above, if and when the new revising Convention shall have come into force;

(b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force, this Convention shall cease to be open to ratification by the Members.

2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form and content for those Members which have ratified it but have not ratified the revising Convention.

Article 20

The French and English texts of this Convention shall both be authentic.